Antibody array, also known as antibody microarray, is a high-throughput protein detection platform based on the principle of antibody-antigen specific recognition, with multiple antibodies fixed on a solid phase carrier. According to different carrier forms, antibody arrays can be divided into slide-based antibody arrays and membrane-based antibody arrays. Compared with traditional single-target detection methods such as ELISA or western blot, antibody arrays have significant advantages in sample utilization, information acquisition efficiency and throughput. Therefore, they are particularly well-suited for high-throughput proteomic analysis of complex biological samples across diverse experimental conditions.
Generally, the use of antibody arrays is convenient and simple. The extracted and labeled samples are incubated with the antibody array, allowing the target proteins to bind to the specific antibodies. After adding the detection reagent, a scanner is used to read and analyze the signal to evaluate the expression level of the target protein. In theory, an antibody array can be designed to accommodate dozens to tens of thousands of capture probes. The array can be constructed to carry multiple features for each sample or designed to divide the array into multiple arrays to study multiple samples simultaneously. In addition to common antibodies, various forms of antibodies can be fixed on the arrays, such as single domain antibodies (sdAbs), single-chain variable fragments (scFvs), and antigen-binding fragments (Fab).
Antibody arrays are widely used in studies such as protein expression profiling, signaling pathways, protein–protein interactions, post-translational modifications, and toxicity screening. In disease research, the use of antibody arrays to compare and analyze the proteins in healthy and diseased samples facilitates the discovery of novel disease-related biomarkers, supporting earlier and more accurate diagnosis as well as personalized treatment evaluation. Amerigo offers a range of antibody arrays as analytical tools for the research on cytokines, chemokines, phosphorylated proteins, signaling pathway proteins, disease biomarkers, etc.
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