Primary cells are isolated directly from the tissues or organs of an organism and cultured in vitro for use. These cells have not been passed on or genetically modified and therefore more closely mimic their morphology and function in vivo. Unlike cell lines, primary cells usually cannot be sub-cultured over several generations, because the cells may undergo genetic and phenotypic changes and gradually lose their original biological properties with passaging.
Depending on their tissue origin, primary cells can be classified as epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, muscle cells, nerve cells, immune cells, and so on. According to their function, primary cells can be classified into secretory cells, barrier cells, contractile cells, and conductive cells. In addition, primary cells according to the sources of species can be categorized into human primary cells, rodent primary cells, non-human primate primary cells, and domestic animal primary cells such as pigs, cows, and sheep primary cells.
Primary cells have a wide range of applications in many research fields. In basic research, primary cells can be used to study basic cell properties, such as the cell cycle, signaling, and metabolic pathways, and to investigate the mechanisms of cell differentiation and development. In addition, primary cells can be used in medical research as disease models to study disease mechanisms and pathological processes, evaluate the efficacy and safety of drugs, and explore the possibility of gene therapy and cell therapy.
Since primary cells retain their in vivo characteristics such as morphology, function, and metabolism, they can relatively mimic the in vivo physiological state and response of their tissue origin. The use of these primary cells allows in-depth study of specific functions, for example, cardiomyocytes are used to study their unique contractile functions and neurons can be used to detect their ability to transmit information. In addition, compared to passaged cell lines, primary cells do not undergo significant genetic and phenotypic changes as a result of long-term passaging. This makes primary cells an ideal model for studying disease mechanisms and drug effects and helps reduce variability and uncertainty in experimental results.
Amerigo Scientific provides primary cells with high purity, low passages, rigorous characterization, and strict quality control.
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