Peroxisome Marker related Antibody Products

Equipped with a mature development platform and professional expert team, Amerigo Scientific provides exceptional antibodies targeting peroxisome markers for our clients, allowing an extensive range of scientific studies.

Peroxisomes are essential metabolic organelles characterized by a single membrane and a matrix containing enzymes crucial for various metabolic functions. They facilitate fatty acid β-oxidation for energy production and synthesize lipids crucial for myelin. Additionally, peroxisomes regulate reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly hydrogen peroxide, which they detoxify to maintain cellular oxidative balance. Beyond metabolism, they serve non-metabolic functions such as participating in cell stress responses, defending against pathogens and viruses, and acting as platforms for cell signal transduction, influencing diverse aspects of cellular function and adaptation.

Peroxisomal Matrix and Membrane Protein

Peroxisomal proteins are synthesized in the cytosol, typically containing peroxisomal targeting signals (PTS) or membrane PTSs (mPTSs) for import into peroxisomes. Once inside peroxisomes, proteins either interact with the peroxisomal membrane or remain in the matrix, where they perform essential functions. Matrix proteins include enzymes involved in β-oxidation of fatty acids and detoxification reactions, such as catalase, crucial for cellular metabolism and oxidative balance. Membrane proteins, including PMP70 (ABCD3), facilitate the transport of metabolites across the peroxisomal membrane, maintaining organelle function. Peroxisomal markers such as Pex5 and Pex14, as the specific receptors that recognize PTS or mPTS sequences respectively on peroxisomal matrix or membrane proteins, are essential for protein import into peroxisomes, ensuring organelle integrity and function.

Peroxisome Functions

• Lipid Metabolism: Peroxisomes are vital for the oxidation of specific fatty acids, particularly very long-chain fatty acids and branched-chain fatty acids that cannot be metabolized in other cellular compartments. This process involves enzymes like acyl-CoA oxidase and catalase, which break down these fatty acids into acetyl-CoA and generate hydrogen peroxide as a byproduct. Additionally, peroxisomes are involved in the synthesis of ether lipids, which are important components of cell membranes and myelin sheaths.
• Redox Homeostasis: Peroxisomes play a critical role in maintaining redox balance within cells by managing ROS. They contain enzymes such as catalase and peroxiredoxin that detoxify hydrogen peroxide and other ROS, preventing oxidative damage to cellular components. This function is essential for protecting cells from oxidative stress and ensuring overall cellular health and function.

Peroxisome Biogenesis

Peroxisome biogenesis involves two distinct pathways within cells: de novo biogenesis and proliferation of pre-existing organelles. De novo biogenesis begins with the synthesis of peroxisomal membrane proteins and their insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum, followed by budding off of pre-peroxisomal vesicles. These vesicles then mature into functional peroxisomes through the import of specific enzymes and lipids. Besides, existing peroxisomes can also grow and divide to generate new peroxisomes. This process involves the elongation of peroxisomes by the addition of membrane and matrix proteins, followed by division through mechanisms that ensure equal distribution of peroxisomal components to daughter organelles.

Fig.1 Overview of peroxisome biogenesis.¹

Amerigo Scientific provides exceptional peroxisome marker antibodies, tailored for various research applications. Our antibodies guarantee reliable detection and precise analysis, allowing an extensive range of scientific studies. The key peroxisome targets are shown in the following table:

Contact us today to find out how our products can elevate your research.