Cell Type Marker related Antibody Products

Amerigo Scientific provides a wide range of validated antibodies and helps researchers improve their experiments and research in cell type marker of neuroscience. The reliability of our results is ensured by our commitment to quality, allowing researchers to produce data of publication quality.

What Are the Cell Types in the Nervous System?

The cells in the nervous system are mainly divided into two types, which are neurons and neuroglia.

Neuron

Neuron s are a kind of cell that can be excited and pass the electrical signal to other cells. The cell body is the metabolic and nutritional center of the neuron and is usually located in the gray matter of the central nervous system and the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system. The shape varies, including oval, cone, pear, fusiform, and star. The size of the cell body varies greatly, with a diameter between 5 and 150 μm. The nucleus is large and round in the center of the cell body, which is lightly colored due to less chromatin and has a large and obvious nucleolus.

Fig.1 Multipolar Neuron.Distributed under CC BY 3.0, from Wiki, without modification.

When based on different criteria, neurons can be classified into different categories.

According to the cell body morphology and the amount of axons, neurons can be classified as below:

• Unipolar: There is a single part extended from the cell body, which is mainly found in invertebrates.
• Bipolar: Bipolar neuron has two processes, one axon, and one distant dendrite. These neurons can be found in the sensory organs of the human body, which act as sensory neurons.
• Pseudounipolar: The structure of a pseudounipolar neuron consists of a short process that splits into two other processes. They function as sensory neurons along with bipolar neurons.
• Multipolar: Multipolar neurons have multiple extended structures, which include a single axon and several dendrites. They are the main type of neuron in vertebrates.

When the criteria go to function, neurons can be classified into motor neurons and sensory neurons. Sensory neurons usually have the function of sensing, which can sense external stimuli and transmit signals to the central nervous system. Motor neurons transmit nerve impulses from the central nervous system to the sensory endings, connecting with muscles and other glands, thereby prompting muscles to contract and glands to secrete hormones.

Neuroglia

Besides neurons, another type of cell is also very important for the nervous system called glial cells. Although they also have protrusions, they are not divided into dendrites and axons. In mammals, glial cells are approximately 10 times more numerous than neurons. Glial cells are mainly divided into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. The functions of glial cells include support, repair and regeneration, material metabolism and nutrition, insulation barrier, and maintaining appropriate ion concentration.

How to Distinguish Different Types of Nerve Cells?

Generally, we use some specifically expressed protein targets as nerve cell markers and distinguish different nerve cells by detecting these different markers. Some markers are displayed in the table below.

Amerigo Scientific provides high-affinity antibodies and markers for diverse neuronal cells, satisfying various demands for your research. Dedicated to assisting you in enhancing your experiments and expediting the R&D process within the neuroscience field. Please contact us for more information.