Organogenesis is a critical stage of embryonic development that begins with gastrulation and continues until birth. During this stage, the three germ layers of the embryo will develop into various organs of the body. Generally speaking, the endoderm will form the digestive system and respiratory organs. The mesoderm will form internal organs such as the kidneys, spine, circulatory system, and connective tissue. The outermost germ layers will eventually form the nervous system and skin.
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the in vivo angiogenesis process.1, 2
Organogenesis relies on diverse cellular activities. Specifically, this process is closely linked to cell-cell interactions, proliferation, and survival. Each cell in the three germ layers undergoes differentiation, which is regulated by extracellular signals. Organogenesis is also closely associated with intracellular signaling. These signaling pathways ensure that organs are formed in the proper locations in the organism. For example, the formation of the human eye relies on the coordination of signaling pathways, transcription factors, and morphogenetic movements.
It is known that some organs and tissues in living organisms have self-healing functions, which provide a strong basis for maintaining homeostasis or responding to disease and injury. Notably, the regeneration ability of these tissues is not eternal. The study of organogenesis is a crucial part of regenerative biology research. Currently, the emergence of model animals, organoids, and cell culture methods provides new prospects for solving problems of organ development and regeneration.
Fig.2 Vascularizing Organoids.1, 2
Organogenesis is regulated by multiple processes such as cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation. These processes require coordinated regulation by diverse signaling pathways. The coordinated action of signaling pathways is a foundation for normal organ development.
The JAK/STAT pathway is an indispensable hub in eukaryotic cells. It is reported that this hub is closely related to various cancers, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. Increasing evidence shows that JAK/STAT signaling plays a vital role in guiding cell proliferation, apoptosis, and survival during growth and development. Scientists have found that this pathway is also involved in the process of eye development.
The Wnt pathway is closely linked to cell migration, cell polarity as well as organogenesis during embryonic development. Data show that the Wnt pathway is involved in the regulation of skin organogenesis and morphogenesis. In fact, Wnt plays an irreplaceable role in multiple stages of skin development.
Dozens of organogenesis-related antibodies and protein products are available at Amerigo Scientific. We are willing to provide assistance for your developmental research. our experts for expert advice.
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