Calcium-Binding Protein/Molecule related Antibody Products

Amerigo Scientific offers featured antibody products for calcium-binding proteins and related molecules, featuring high specificity and sensitivity. These antibodies help customers study calcium signaling, protein interactions, and cellular processes, enabling accurate research on disease mechanisms and therapeutic development.

Calcium-binding proteins and related molecules serve critical roles in a variety of biological processes by binding to calcium ions. These proteins have specific calcium-binding sites that allow them to regulate intracellular calcium levels, which is essential for signal transduction, muscle contraction, enzyme activation enzyme activation, and protein-protein interactions. Structurally, these proteins typically have EF-hand motifs or calcium-binding loops that facilitate calcium binding. Understanding these proteins is vital for deciphering cellular signaling and disease mechanisms, making them important targets for drug development and therapeutic intervention.

Calcium-Binding Proteins Types and Biological Functions

Calcium-binding proteins are classified into several types based on their structural and functional properties. Some well-known calcium-binding proteins include calmodulins, annexins, troponins, EF-hand proteins, and S100 proteins.

• Calmodulins
  Calmodulins are ubiquitous calcium-binding proteins found in eukaryotic cells. They typically consist of four calcium-binding EF-hand motifs arranged in pairs. Calmodulin functions as a crucial regulator of various cellular processes by binding calcium ions and subsequently interacting with target proteins, thereby modulating their activity. Its roles include regulating enzymes like protein kinases and phosphatases, ion channels, and other proteins involved in signal transduction pathways.
• Annexins
  Annexins are a family of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins. They possess a specific structure consisting of a conserved core domain and variable N-termini. Annexins are involved in membrane trafficking, exocytosis, and membrane repair processes. They bind to membranes in a calcium-dependent manner and participate in the organization and dynamics of cellular membranes.
• Troponins
  Troponins are part of the regulatory complex in striated muscle cells (skeletal and cardiac muscle). They comprise three subunits: troponin C (binds calcium), troponin I (inhibits actin-myosin interaction), and troponin T (binds tropomyosin). Troponins regulate muscle contraction by controlling the interaction between actin and myosin in response to calcium binding.
• EF-hand proteins
  EF-hand proteins encompass a broad category of calcium-binding proteins characterized by the EF-hand motif, a helix-loop-helix structure that binds calcium ions. These proteins are involved in diverse cellular processes such as calcium signaling, muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, and gene expression regulation. Their structural versatility allows them to participate in both calcium-dependent and calcium-independent interactions within cells.
• S100 proteins
  S100 proteins are a family of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins that play roles in regulating cell cycle progression, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses. They are characterized by the presence of two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs and typically function as intracellular calcium sensors, interacting with various target proteins to modulate their activity.

Calcium-Binding Proteins and Related Molecules in Signal Transduction

Calcium-binding proteins and related molecules are pivotal in signal transduction by acting as calcium sensors and mediators. When intracellular calcium levels rise, these proteins bind to calcium ions through specific domains like EF-hands. This binding induces conformational changes that enable the proteins to interact with and regulate target enzymes, ion channels, and other proteins. By modulating these targets, calcium-binding proteins translate calcium signals into precise cellular responses, orchestrating complex processes such as gene expression, cell proliferation, neurotransmitter release, and muscle contraction.

Fig.1 Schematic overview of the functions of buffer and sensor calcium-binding proteins in neurons.¹

As a supplier committed to providing customers with comprehensive services, products, and technical support, Amerigo Scientific launches featured antibody products related to calcium-binding proteins and related molecules. Our products are quality-controlled and rigorously tested to facilitate customers' calcium-binding protein research. The following lists the relevant targets, including but not limited to:

If you have any questions or specific requirements, please feel free to contact us.