Nucleotide Metabolism related Antibody Products

At Amerigo Scientific, we provide a variety of nucleotide metabolism related antibody products to assist our clients worldwide in research into nucleotide metabolism and related diseases.

Overview of Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleotides are the fundament of genetic materials and essential substances for the biosynthesis of DNA and RNA, containing purines (including adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (including thymine, and cytosine). Nucleotide metabolism consists of both biosynthesis and degradation of nucleotides to maintain homeostasis. Nutrients, such as glutamine, glucose, and CO₂, are needed for proliferating cells to actuate the anabolism of nucleic acids. Accordingly, nucleotides supplement at certain rates is also required to be consistent with nucleotide biosynthesis.

Aberrant changes in metabolism are an essential characteristic of cancer cells, and the amplified metabolism, specifically manifested by boosted synthesis and use of nucleotide triphosphates, is a general and important metabolic dependency of cancer cells among diversified types of cancer and genetic backgrounds. Abnormal aggressive behaviors of cancer cells, like proliferation, immune evasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance, depend greatly on the augmentation of nucleotide metabolism. Previous studies have also revealed that most oncogenic molecules positively regulate the capacity of nucleotide biosynthetic, indicating its prerequisite role in the initiation and progression of cancers. Besides, nucleotide metabolism also plays a crucial role in the regulation on functions of immune cells and the tumor microenvironment.

Fig.1 Nucleotide metabolism in the regulation of tumor microenvironment.^{1, 3}

Therapeutic Significance of Targeting Nucleotide Metabolism

Considering the key role it takes, targeting nucleotide metabolism is expected to be a promising strategy for cancer therapy. Understanding and utilizing the complex relationship between nucleotide metabolism, immune responses, and the TME, will provide guidance for advance of therapeutic interventions.

Targeting nucleotide metabolism has been demonstrated to inhibit tumor initiation and progression, exerting non-proliferative effects on immune escape, thus indicating the potential effectiveness of targeting nucleotide metabolites. There are three mainstream directions of targeting nucleotide metabolism:

• Triggering the host immune systems by maintaining the concentrations of important metabolites;
• Inhibiting the nucleotides pool to promote immunogenicity mediated by genomic instability and increased mutability;
• Regulating immunity by microbes-mediated nucleoside analogs.

There have been multiple preclinical and clinical trials ongoing to evaluate monotherapies or combined therapies based on targeting nucleotide metabolism, and several of them have obtained encouraging results.

Fig.2 Interactions between nucleotide metabolism and host immunity.^{2, 3}

Genes in Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleotide metabolism is tightly regulated by a variety of metabolic genes and enzymes encoded by them, including:

NT5E (CD73), ENTPD1(CD39), PNP, ADSS, ADA, XDH, PPAT, PRPS, GART, IMPDH, CAD, DHODH, UMPS, DPYD, CDD, etc.

As a leader in antibody research and development, Amerigo Scientific has gained rich knowledge and resources in targeting various biological processes including nucleotide metabolism, as well as the genes and pathways within. We are proud to introduce our antibody products for various applications to our esteemed clients around the world, please feel free to contact us for more information.