Penicillin G Potassium, EP

- Overview
  - Penicillin G potassium, EP is a member of the β-lactam antibiotics and was one of the first discovered antibiotics.
    Penicillin G potassium is sparingly soluble in aqueous solution (0.210 mg/mL).
    Penicillin G potassium, EP meets European Pharmacopoeia (EP) specifications.
    
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    Background
    
    β-lactams interfere with PBP (penicillin binding protein) activity involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues providing additional strength to the cell wall. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised and ultimately leads to cell lysis and death. Resistance to β-lactams is commonly due to cells containing plasmid encoded β-lactamases.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    113-98-4
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C16H17KN2O4S
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    372.48
    
    Appearance
    
    White or almost White Crystalline Powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Water: Freely soluble
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Penicillium Spp.
    PH: 5.5-7.5
    Assay: (On Dried Basis): ≥96.0%
    Loss on Drying: ≤1.0%
    Optical Rotation: +270° to +300°
    
    Storage
    
    ≤ 30 °C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Penicillin is targets primarily gram positive bacteria including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Penicillin is commonly used in clinical in vitromicrobiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against gram positive microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options for infected patients. Representative MIC values include: Streptococcus pneumoniae 0.004 µg/mL – 0.5 µg/mL Streptococcus agalactiae 0.03 µg/mL – 0.06 µg/mL Mycoplasma Media Supplements Penicillin can be used as a selective agent in several types of isolation media: Mycoplasma Agar - Mycoplasma Supplement G Mycoplasma Agar - Mycoplasma Supplement P
    
    Plant Biology Applications: In a study by Windsor et al. (1972), penicillin G potassium was shown to control the bacterial plant disease clover club leaf in Crimson Clover plants using 100 µg/mL – 1000 µg/mL.