Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride

- Overview
  - Oxytetracycline was the second discovered tetracycline antibiotic.
    
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    Background
    
    The mechanism of oxytetracycline involves diffusing through a cell and binding to the 30s ribosomal subunit preventing peptide elongation and ultimately inhibiting protein synthesis. Resistance to oxytetracycline can be a result of inactivation by cell enzymes or pumping the antibiotic out of the cell upon entering.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    2058-46-0
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C22H24N2O9•HCl
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    496.89
    
    Appearance
    
    Yellow crystalline powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Ethanol (95%) 33 mg/mL
    Ethanol (absolute): 12 mg/mL
    Water: Freely soluble
    Note: Concentrated aqueous solutions at neutral pH hydrolyze and precipitates crystals of oxytetracycline
    
    Other Properties
    
    PH: 2.0-3.0
    Assay: (On Dried Basis): ≥835µg/mg
    Loss on Drying: ≤2.0%
    Melting Point: 180 °C
    
    Storage
    
    2-8°C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Oxytetracycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic which targets gram positive and gram negative species as well as a few Mycoplasma species
    
    Microbiology Applications: Oxytetracycline is commonly used in clinical in vitromicrobiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against gram positive, gram negative, and Mycoplasma microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options for infected patients. Representative MIC values include: Haemophilus influenzae 1.6 µg/mL – 6.3 µg/mL Mycoplasma bovis 0.12 µg/mL - 4 µg/mL Media Supplement Oxytetracycline is used as a selective agent in OGYE, a selective media for yeasts and molds.
    
    Plant Biology Applications: Oxytetracycline has been used to prevent fire blight in apple and pears in the Pacific Northwest of the USA. In a study by Hubbard et al., oxytetracycline was shown to be a better alternative to streptomycin to inhibit fire blight disease.