Clindamycin Hydrochloride

- Overview
  - Clindamycin Hydrochloride is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and antiparasitic agent. It is a semi-synthetic analog of lincomycin, a natural lincosamide isolated from Streptomyces lincolnensis in 1966. Anhydrous Clindamycin Hydrochloride is hygroscopic, and different crystal forms have been observed due to the degree of hydration.
    Clindamycin Hydrochloride is freely soluble in water.
    
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    Background
    
    Lincosamides inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding the 50S ribosomal subunit and interfering with tRNA activity during translation. Clindamycin may be bacteriostatic or bactericidal in action. Protein synthesis inhibition is concentration dependent.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    21462-39-5
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C18H33ClN2O5S · HCl
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    461.44 g/mol
    
    Appearance
    
    White or almost white crystalline powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Soluble in aqueous solution
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Semi-synthetic
    Water Content (Karl Fischer): 3.0-6.0%
    PH: 3.0-5.5
    Identification: Passes test
    
    Storage
    
    2-8 °C. Store in airtight container.
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Clindamycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic targeting primarily Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria such as Clostridium and Bacteroides species.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Clindamycin is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative anaerobes. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options. Representative ranges include:
    Clostridium difficile 0.25 µg/mL - 32 µg/mL
    Bacteroides fragilis 0.25 µg/mL - 4 µg/mL
    Staphyloccal resistance has been induced in vitro and has been shown to be acquired. Natural and acquired resistance has been shown in vitro and in vivo, in strains of Staphylococci, streptococci, and B. fragilis.
    
    Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications: HIV-infected cells (MOLT3 cells) were incubate with Clindamycin in increasing concentrations, and did not result in increased cell death compared to uninfected control cells (Wijsman et al, 2013).
    The effects of Clindamycin and its metabolites on mammalian cell lines (mouse leukemia L1210, human oral carcinoma KB, human acute myelogenous leukemia RPMI 6410, and human lymphocyte RPMI 1788) were evaluated. Metabolites Clindamycin sulfoxide and clindamycose were nontoxic, wherease N-demethyl Clindamycin showed cytotoxic effects in culture (Li et al, 1977).