Levofloxacin Hydrochloride

- Overview
  - Levofloxacin HCl is the hydrochloride salt of Levofloxacin. It is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic and the optical S-(-) isomer of Ofloxacin. The compound is a DNA gyrase inhibitor, and has been shown to inhibit topoisomerase IV. Levofloxacin is freely soluble in water.
    
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    Background
    
    Fluoroquinolone antibiotics target bacterial DNA gyrase (specifically type II topoisomerase) an enzyme which reduces DNA strain during replication. Because DNA gyrase is required during DNA replication, subsequent DNA synthesis and ultimately cell division is inhibited. It has also been shown to inhibit topoisomerase IV.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    177325-13-2
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C18H20FN3O4•HCl
    
    Appearance
    
    Off-white to light yellow crystalline powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Water: freely soluble, Methanol: sparingly soluble, Ethanol: slightly soluble, Diethyl or petroleum ether: Insoluble
    
    Other Properties
    
    PH: 3.5 - 5.0
    Assay: (On Dried Basis): Not less than 89.5%
    Residue On Ignition: Not more than 0.1%
    Heavy Metals: Not more than 10 ppm
    Loss on Drying: 3.5% - 5.0%
    Optical Rotation: -47° to -52°
    Identification: Positive
    
    Storage
    
    ≤30°C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Levofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic targeting most aerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is moderately active against anaerobes. It has shown to be effective for Mycoplasma. Levofloxacin is effective against pathogens causing pneumonia such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Levofloxacin HCl is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against gram positive and gram negative microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options. Representative MIC values include:Haemophilus influenzae 0.00625 µg/mL – 1 µg/mL Streptococcus pneumoniae 0.05 µg/mL - 4 µg/mL