Ampicillin Trihydrate, USP

- Overview
  - Ampicillin Trihydrate, USP is a member of the β-lactam family similar in structure to penicillin. Ampicillin Trihydrate is slightly soluble in water (10 mg/mL) and soluble in 1 N HCl (50 mg/mL).
    
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    Background
    
    Like all β-lactams, Ampicillin interferes with PBP (penicillin binding protein) activity otherwise involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised ultimately leading to cell lysis.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    7177-48-2
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C16H19N3O4S·3H2O
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    403.44
    
    Appearance
    
    White crystalline powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Slightly soluble in water (10 mg/mL) and soluble in 1 N HCl (50 mg/mL)
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Semi-synthetic
    Water Content (Karl Fischer): 12.0%-15.0%
    PH: 3.5 - 6.0
    Assay: (On Dried Basis): 900-1050µg/mg
    Identification: IR - Passes test
    
    Storage
    
    ≤30°C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Ampicillin, USP targets Gram-negative non-ESBL (Extended Spectrum β-lactamase) bacteria including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species and medically important enteric pathogens such as Shigella and Salmonella. Interestingly, ampicillin has been found to be effective against certain β-lactam sensitive VRE or vancomycin resistant Enterococcus; a glycopeptide antibiotic resistant "superbug." Resistance to Ampicillin is routinely utilized as a selectable marker to confirm successful cell transformation.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Ampicillin Trihydrate is often used to select for cells that have been transformed with a plasmid containing the ampR gene which confers resistance to Ampicillin. Media Supplements Ampicillin Trihydrate can be used as a selective agent in several types of isolation media: Aeromonas Medium Base - Ampicillin Selective Supplement
    
    Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications: Ampicillin is routinely used to select for cells containing the pcDNA3.1 and pEAK10 resistance plasmids in cell line A904L at an effective concentration of 50 µg/mL. For additional information, please visit our cell-culture database.