Ampicillin Trihydrate, EP

- Overview
  - Ampicillin Trihydrate, EP is a member of the β-lactam family and is similar in structure to penicillin. It can be used to select for ampicillin resistance in transformation experiments.
    Ampicillin Trihydrate is slightly soluble in water and soluble in 1 N HCl.
    
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    Background
    
    Like all β-lactams, Ampicillin Trihydrate interferes with PBP (penicillin binding protein) activity otherwise involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised ultimately leading to cell lysis.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    7177-48-2
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C16H19N3O4S·3H2O
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    403.44
    
    Appearance
    
    White crystalline powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Slightly soluble in water (10 mg/mL) and freely soluble in 1 N HCl (50 mg/mL)
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Semi-synthetic
    Water Content (Karl Fischer): 12.0%-15.0%
    PH: 3.5-5.5
    Assay: (On Dried Basis): 96.0-100.5%
    Optical Rotation: +280° to +305°
    Identification: Passes test
    Purity Level: Powder
    
    Storage
    
    ≤30°C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Ampicillin Trihydrate, EP targets non-ESBL (Extended Spectrum β-lactamase) bacteria including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species and medically important enteric pathogens such as Shigella and Salmonella. Interestingly, ampicillin has been found to be effective against certain β-lactam sensitive VRE or vancomycin resistant Enterococcus; a glycopeptide antibiotic resistant "superbug." Resistance to ampicillin is routinely utilized as a selectable marker to confirm successful cell transformation.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Ampicillin Trihydrate is often used to select for cells that have been transformed with a plasmid containing the ampR gene which confers resistance to Ampicillin.
    Media Supplements
    Ampicillin Trihydrate can be used as a selective agent in several types of isolation media:
    Aeromonas Medium Base - Ampicillin Selective Supplement
    
    Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications: Ampicillin is routinely used to select for cells containing the pcDNA3.1 and pEAK10 resistance plasmids in cell line A904L at an effective concentration of 50 µg/mL. For additional information on your cell culture needs, please visit our cell-culture database.