Protoporphyrin IX

- Overview
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    Background
    
    Protoporphyrin IX, widely distributed in all living cells in small amounts, is the final intermediate of the heme biosynthetic pathway. Chelation of Protoporphyrin IX with iron forms heme, which is a constituent of hemoproteins that play essential roles in a variety of biological events, such as oxygen transport, cellular oxidations and reductions, electron transport, as well as drug metabolism. Based on its photodynamic effects, Protoporphyrin IX has also been explored for cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, accumulation of Protoporphyrin IX in human porphyrias can lead to a series of symptoms including skin photosensitivity, hepatobiliary damage, biliary stones, and even liver failure.
    
    Reference:
    1. Sachar M, Anderson KE, Ma X. Protoporphyrin IX: the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2016, 356(2): 267-275.
- Properties
  - Categories
    
    A final intermediate of the heme biosynthetic pathway
    
    CAS Number
    
    553-12-8
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C34H34N4O4
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    562.66
    
    Appearance
    
    A solid
    
    Purity
    
    98.00%
    
    Solubility
    
    insoluble in H2O; insoluble in EtOH; insoluble in DMSO
    
    Storage
    
    Store at -20°C
    
    SMILES
    
    O=C(CCC1=C2/C=C3C(CCC(O)=O)=C(C(/C=C(C(C)=C/4C=C)\NC4=C/C5=N/C(C(C=C)=C5C)=C\C(N2)=C1C)=N/3)C)O
    
    * For Research Use Only