Podophyllotoxin

- Overview
  - Podophyllotoxin, a natural, non-alkaloid toxin lignan extracted from the roots and rhizomes of Podophyllum species, was first isolated in 1880.
    Serving as a model for antii-tumor properties, Podophyllotoxin has been used to inhibit the growth of various carcinoma cells. It has been used for testicular, breast, pancreatic, lung, stomach, and ovarian cancers. It is also used as an antiviral, and has been used against HPV and Molluscum contagisum.
    
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    Background
    
    Podophyllotoxin stops replication of both cellular and viral DNA. As an antimitotic, it inhibits microtubule assembly by binding to tubulin, specifically the colchicine site. Podophyllotoxin is a topoisomerase II inhibitor. Resistance has been described in Chinese hamster cells, mutants are affected in a protein P1 called mammalian SSP6- or chaperonin protein.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    518-28-5
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C22H22O8
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    414.41
    
    Appearance
    
    white crystalline powder
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Podophyllum peltatum L, Podophyllum emodi Wall. P. hexandrum (in vitro)
    
    Storage
    
    2-8 °C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Antiviral. Antineoplastic.
    
    Cancer Applications: Podophyllotoxin was used in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells and to study cell growth inhibition and protein expresion. It inhbits cell growth and induces apoptosis. It is suggested that the agent is related to the metabolism-associated proteins. (Wang et al, 2013). Podophyllotoxin cna also be produced in cell culture by Podophyllum hexandrum under in vitro conditions. The compound was applied to the human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and researchers found 1 nM was able to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by 50% (Chattopadhyay S et al 2010).