Novobiocin Sodium

- Overview
  - Novobiocin Sodium is an aminocoumarin antibiotic that prevents cell division. It is an inhibitor of Hsp90 can be used to study heat shock proteins. It targets Gram-positive organisms, and is commonly used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and cancer research. The product is also used in plant tissue culture to control contamination.
    Novobiocin Sodium is freely soluble in water.
    
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    Background
    
    Aminocoumarin antibiotics target DNA gyrase, specifically the GyrB subunit, an enzyme which relieves strain as DNA unwinds during replication and transcription. It also acts as an inhibitor of retrovirus RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    1476-53-5
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C31H35N2NaO11
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    634.61
    
    Appearance
    
    White or yellow powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Freely soluble in water
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Synthetic
    Water Content (Karl Fischer): ≥6.0%
    PH: 6.5-8.5
    Melting Point: 215-220°C
    Purity Level: (HPLC): ≥90.0%
    
    Storage
    
    2-8 °C; Protect form light.
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Novobiocin Sodium targets primarily Gram-positive organisms and is commonly used to differentiate between coagulase negative (all but S. aureus and a few others) Staphylococcus species. S. saprophyticus is resistant to Novobiocin.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Novobiocin Sodium is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against Gram-positive microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options. Representative MIC values include:
    Staphylococcus aureus 0.25 µg/mL
    Staphylococcus saprophyticus 2 µg/mL
    
    Plant Biology Applications: Novobiocin can be used in combination with gentamicin to prevent and cure Bacillus contamination in plant tissue culture. Benjama et al. demonstrated the potency of this combination in contaminated date palm tissue which led to routine use in plant tissue culture.