Ceftibuten

- Overview
  - Ceftibuten is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It has exceptional beta-lactamase stability and is resistant to inactivation by most B-lactamases made by common Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Ceftibuten can be used to study drug resistance and transport pathways. Ceftibuten is freely soluble in aqueous solution (70.5 mg/mL) and DMSO.
    
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    Background
    
    Like β-lactams, cephalosporins interfere with PBP (penicillin binding protein) activity involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues providing additional strength to the cell wall. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised and ultimately leads to cell lysis and death. Resistance to cephalosporins is commonly due to cells containing plasmid encoded β-lactamases.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    97519-39-6
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C15H14N4O6S2
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    410.42 g/mol
    
    Appearance
    
    White to light yellow crystalline powder
    
    Solubility
    
    freely soluble in aqueous solution (70.5 mg/mL) and DMSO.
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Synthetic
    Water Content (Karl Fischer): 8.0-13.0%
    Assay: 90.0-102.0%
    Residue On Ignition: ≤0.1%
    Heavy Metals: ≤10 ppm
    Optical Rotation: +135° - +155°
    Purity Level: ≥95.0%
    
    Storage
    
    -20°C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Ceftibuten is a broad spectrum antibiotic targeting a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Ceftibuten is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options for infected patients. Representative MIC values include:Haemophilus influenzae 0.015 µg/mL – 1 µg/mLEscherichia coli 0.015 µg/mL - 8 µg/mL
    Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications: Ceftibuten uptake in human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco‐2) cells growing on transwells was studied, and authors found that uptake involves multiple transport pathways. Since cells are polarized, with an apical end and a basolateral end, the apical transport system was found to be different. Apical uptake is mediated by an energy-dependent carrier and energy-independent facilitated diffusion (Menon and Barr 2002).