MitoTracker® Green FM, Mitochondria Green Fluorescent Probe

MitoTracker® Green FM is a cell-permeable carbocyanine derivative containing a weakly thiol-reactive chloromethyl functional group for labeling mitochondria. This product is a bright green fluorescent probe ((Ex=490 nm, Em=523 nm)), which is almost non-fluorescent in aqueous solution and can only fluoresce when aggregated in the lipid environment of mitochondria, with almost negligible background fluorescence. This makes the operation steps extremely simple. Just incubate the cells with the probe, it can be passively transported across the cell membrane and directly aggregated on active mitochondria, and can be directly observed without washing.
Unlike MitoTracker® Red CMXRos, the ability of this product to localize in mitochondria is not affected by mitochondrial membrane potential, making it a possible tool for quantifying mitochondrial mass. This product is more suitable for live cell staining because the dye is unstable after acetaldehyde fixation.
Although traditional mitochondrial fluorescent probes such as TMR and rhodamine 123 can also easily aggregate on functional mitochondria, they will be washed away once the mitochondrial membrane potential is lost, which greatly limits their application in some experiments that require cells to be fixed with aldehydes or contain factors affecting mitochondrial energy status.

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