Moxifloxacin HCl

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Background

Moxifloxacin HCl is anti-infective compound with a broad antibacterial spectrum.[1]
Moxifloxacin is a fourth generation fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent with a broad antibacterial spectrum against Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria in vitro.[1] The antibacterial activity of moxifloxacin is from the inhibition effect of DNA topoisomerase II and topoisomerase IV which are involved in bacterial DNA replication, transcription, recombination and repair[2]. The oral bioavailability of moxifloxacin is absolutely good which can be up to 90%. There are no many potenti[al drug interactions because that moxifloxacin is not a inhibitor or substrate of the hepatic cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme system. Moxifloxacin had bacteriologic eradication rates about 90–97% and clinical success rates of 88–97%. The MIC90s of moxifloxacin for the ciprofloxacin-susceptible isolates were ≤0.6 μg/mL. The MIC90s of moxifloxacin for enterococci range from 1 to 4 μg/mL. The reported MIC90s of moxifloxacin for Haemophilus parainfluenzae are from 0.03 to 0.125μg/mL. The MIC90s of moxifloxacin for B. fragilisrange 0.25–4 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL for other bacteroides species. [3]
Moxifloxacin also inhibits hPON1 (human serum paraoxonase-1) enzyme activity with Ki value of 2.641±0.004 mM in vitro.[4]

[1]. Cruz LA, Hall R: Enantiomeric purity assay of moxifloxacin hydrochloride by capillary electrophoresis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005, 38(1):8-13.
[2]. Kamruzzaman M, Alam AM, Lee SH, Ragupathy D, Kim YH, Park SR, Kim SH: Spectrofluorimetric study of the interaction between europium(III) and moxifloxacin in micellar solution and its analytical application. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2012, 86:375-380.
[3]. Culley CM, Lacy MK, Klutman N, Edwards B: Moxifloxacin: clinical efficacy and safety. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2001, 58(5):379-388.
[4]. Turkes C, Soyut H, Beydemir S: Human serum paraoxonase-1 (hPON1): in vitro inhibition effects of moxifloxacin hydrochloride, levofloxacin hemihidrate, cefepime hydrochloride, cefotaxime sodium and ceftizoxime sodium. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2014:1-7.