Gibberellic Acid A3

- Overview
  - Gibberellic Acid A3 is a natural, endogenous plant growth regulator involved with plant growth, germination, elongation, and flowering. Bioactive diterpenes biosynthesized through complex pathways, gibberellins control diverse aspects of plant growth and development. The majority of genes that encode Gibberellic Acid biosynthesis have been identified.
    Gibberellic Acid A3 is soluble in water.
    
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    Background
    
    Gibberellins are highly expressed in embryos. During this stage, starch serves as the primary energy source and is subsequently degraded by gibberellin-induced activity.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    77-06-5
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C19H22O6
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    346.37
    
    Solubility
    
    Soluble in water
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Gibberella fujikuroi
    PH: pKa 4.0
    Melting Point: 233-235 °C
    Purity Level: ≥90.0%
    
    Storage
    
    2-8 °C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Plant Biology Applications: Gibberellic Acid is used to promote cell division and cell elongation, seed germination and flowering in long-day plants (Raven et al., 1999). In addition to tissue culture applications, Gibberellic Acid is used in strawberry to control growth and flowering for out of season cropping (Paroussi et al., 2002).
    
    Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications: Gibberellic Acid has documented anti-inflammatory activity and can induce A20-like zinc finger proteins in plants. Primary airway nasal epithelial cells and a human bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE14o-) were used to evaluated its anti-inflammatory activity. The induction of A20 by Gibberellic Acid could attenuate inflammation at least in part through its effect on NF-κB and IκBα. Thus, this product or its derivatives could potentially developed into an anti-inflammatory agent for diseases associated with A20 dysfunction (Reihill et al, 2016).
    
    Cancer Applications: The Gibberellin derivative 13-chlorine-3,15-dioxy-gibberellic acid methyl ester (GA-13315) was found to have antitumor and antiangiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. IC50 values were 0.13-30.28 µg/ml in 12 human tumor cell lines, and 14.2 µg/ml in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The antiangiogenic activity (reduced chemotactic motility and capillary-like tube formation) contributed to its anti-cancer properties (Zhang et al, 2012).