Fosfomycin Tromethamine

- Overview
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    Background
    
    Fosfomycin Tromethamine inhibits bacterial cell (peptidoglycan) synthesis. Specifically, it inhibits uridine diphospho-N-acetl-D-glucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (MurA), thereby blocking the condensation of uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine, one of the first steps in peptidoglycan synthesis. The complete fosfomycin gene cluster from S. fradiae has been closed and sequenced, and the heterologous production in S. lividans has been achieved (Woodyer et al, 2006).
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    78964-85-9
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C7H18NO7P
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    259.19 g/mol
    
    Appearance
    
    White or almost white powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Water (5 g/100 ml)
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Streptomyces fradiae
    Purity Level: 98%-102%
    
    Storage
    
    2-8°C, airtight, protect from light
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Broad spectrum against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. It is active against E. coli (including extended spectrum B-lactamase-producing E. coli), Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Serratia and Enterococcus.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Fosfomycin is commonly used in microbiological antibiotic susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) and rapid antimicrobial testing platforms. Medical microbiologics use this information to recommend antibiotic treatement options. Representative MIC ranges include: E. coli 0.19-64 µg/ml Helicobacter pylori 0.05-12.5 µg/ml Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications: The effect of Fosfomycin on the immune system, specifically the in vitro function of human T cells, was examined and was found to influence the late stage of T-cell activation. It inhibited the proliferation of human lymphocytes induced by polyclonal T-cell mitogens. It suppressed mixed lymphocyte reaction and the production of interleukin-2 by T-cells. Fosfomycin also inhibited the expression of IL-2 receptor and transferrin receptor on T-cell surfaces. This property widens the therapeutic indices as it could be combined with immunosuppressants in organ transplantation (Morikawa et al, 1993).