Danofloxacin Mesylate

- Overview
  - Danofloxacin Mesylate is a synthetic, broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone with antibacterial activity. It is used in veterinary medical research applications. It is used to combat the organisms causing respiratory disease in cattle, chickens, and pigs.
    
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    Background
    
    Fluoroquinolone antibiotics target bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase type II), an enzyme which reduces DNA strain during replication and is essential for DNA packaging, transcription, and replication. Thus, DNA synthesis and cell division is inhibited.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    119478-55-6
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C19H20FN3O3 • CH4O3S
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    453.49
    
    Appearance
    
    White to light yellow powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Soluble in DMSO and methanol
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Synthetic
    
    Storage
    
    2-8 °C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Broad-spectrum, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Also effective for Mycoplasmas. Representative genera include Actinobacillus, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Mannheima, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Danofloxacin is effective for cattle pathogens such as Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Histophilus somni. Danofloxacin is highly active in vitro against Mycoplasma species that cause respiratory infections in cattle, pigs, and poultry (Cooper et al, 1993). Representative MIC values include: o Mycoplasma species 0.008 µg/mL – 0.5 µg/mL o Pasteurella mulltocida 0.00375-0.125 ug/ml o
    
    Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications: The potential effect of Danofloxacin on oxidative stress was examined in vitro. Danofloxacin did not induce oxidative stress in LLC-PK1 cells during exposure of ≤400 μM for 24 hours. Assessment involved reviewing reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, lipid peroxidation, cell apoptosis and antioxidative enzyme activities. Authors note noted an increased activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase). (Yue et al, 2013).