Cefotiam Dihydrochloride

- Overview
  - Cefotiam Dihydrochloride is a broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin β-lactam antibiotic that was patented in 1973. It interferes with bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis. It is commonly used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and is effective against MRSA.
    Cefotiam Dihydrochloride is freely soluble in water.
    
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    Background
    
    Like β-lactams, cephalosporins interfere with PBP (penicillin binding protein) activity involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues providing additional strength to the cell wall. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised and ultimately leads to cell lysis and death. Resistance to cephalosporins is commonly due to cells containing plasmid encoded β-lactamases.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    66309-69-1
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C18H23N9O4S3•2HCl
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    598.56
    
    Appearance
    
    White powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Freely soluble in water
    
    Storage
    
    2-8°C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Cefotiam is a broad-spectrum antibiotic targeting a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Cefotiam can be used for MRSA but is not effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Cefotiam is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options. Effective concentration ranges include:
    
    B. fragilis: 64 - >128 µg/ml
    C. difficile: >128 µg/ml
    S. aureus: 0.25 µg/mL – 32 µg/ml