Antibiotic-Antimycotic Solution (100X)

- Overview
  - Antibiotic-Antimycotic is a solution is composed of penicillin (10,000 units/mL), streptomycin (10,000 ug/mL), and amphotericin B (25 ug/mL) in 0.9% NaCl that is used to control Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi in eukaryotic cell culture.
    
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    Background
    
    The penicillin works by destroying the cell walls of non-resistant cells by preventing peptidoglycan linkage followed by the triggering of autolysis. Streptomycin disrupts bacterial protein synthesis by binding the ribosomes. Amphotericin B, the anti-fungal element, works by increasing the permeability of the fungal cell membrane by binding to ergosterol .
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    61-33-6; 57-92-1; 1397-89-3
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C16H18N2O4S; C21H39N7O12; C47H73NO17
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    334.39; 581.57; 924.08
    
    Appearance
    
    Light yellow solution
    
    Solubility
    
    Solubilized in a proprietary citrate buffer.
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Mixture
    PH: 6.3-6.9
    Assay: Amphotericin B: 25-30µg/mL Penicillin G Sodium: 10000-12000 units/mL Streptomycin Sulfate: 10000-12000 µg/mL
    Purity Level: N/A
    
    Storage
    
    -20 °C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications: Antibiotic-Antimycotic is used in cell culture to control contamination when working with typical cell lines (HeLa cells and NIH3T3). Antibiotic-Antimycotic solution from TOKU-E was used in RPMI 1640 media to grow primary human fibroblasts (Naleway et al, 2013). When working with cell cultures in bioreactors for the purpose of expressing different products of interest in biotechnology, the risk of loss to contamination cannot be over-stated . The usefulness of Antibiotic-Antimycotic to control contamination was evaluated in toxicity studies using serum-free suspension-adapted 293 cells. Authors found this solution can be used at concentrations up to 50 IU/ml for the culture of this cell line, with no apparent effect upon cell growth. (Negrete et al, 2008). Antibiotic-Antimycotic was used to wash follicular aspirate and granulosa lutein cells to avoid microbial contamination during human oocyte retrieval for assisted reproductive techniques (Campos et al, 2012). The solution was used to wash goat embryos prior to incubation with oviduct and uterine cells, for enhanced development of embryos into blastocysts (Prichard et al, 1992).