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Overview
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Thrombomodulin is a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of 575 amino acids (molecular weight 75 kD) with natural anticoagulant properties. It is normally expressed by a restricted number of cells, such as endothelial and mesothelial cells. In addition, synovial lining and syncytiotrophoblasts ofhuman placenta also express thrombomodulin. Antithrombomodulin has demonstrated positivity inbenign vascular tumors such as hemangioma and most malignant vascular tumors (Kaposi's sarcomaand epitheliod hemangioendothelioma). Hence, anti-thrombomodulin serves as a sensitive marker forlymphatic endothelial cells and their tumors. There has also been recent interest in the use of anti-thrombomodulin as an immunohiostochemical marker for mesothelial cells and malignantmesotheliomas. Anti-thrombomodulin is immunoexpressed in a variety of other tumors includingurothelial cell carcinomas.
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Overview