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Overview
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CDX-2 is a caudal-related homeobox transcription factor whose expression in the adult is normallypresent in the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium. It is implicated in the development and maintenance ofthe intestinal mucosa. This protein is expressed immunohistochemically in the nuclei of normal GIepithelium. CDX-2 protein expression has been seen in GI carcinomas. Anti-CDX-2 has been useful toestablish GI origin of metastatic adenocarcinomas and carcinoids and is especially useful to distinguishmetastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma from lung adenocarcinoma. However, mucinous carcinomas ofthe ovary also stain positively with this antibody, which limits the usefulness of this marker in thedistinction of metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma versus mucinous carcinoma of the ovary.
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Overview