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Overview
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CD19 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and has two Ig like domains. The CD19molecule is expressed on 100% of the peripheral B cells as defined by expression of kappa or lambdalight chains. CD19 appears to be expressed on myeloid leukemia cells, particularly those of monocyticlineage. Leukemia phenotype studies have demonstrated that the earliest and broadest B cellrestricted antigen is the CD19 antigen. The receptor for CD19 is an important functional regulator ofnormal and malignant B cell proliferation, and is expressed in all B cell precursor leukemias. Lymphocytes proliferate and differentiate in response to various concentrations of differentantigens. The ability of the B cell to respond in a specific, yet sensitive manner to the various antigensis achieved with the use of low-affinity antigen receptors. CD19 is a cell surface molecule whichassembles with the antigen receptor of B lymphocytes in order to decrease the threshold for antigenreceptor-dependent stimulation. Besides being a signal-amplifying co-receptor for the B cell receptor(BCR), CD19 can also signal independently of BCR co-ligation and is a central regulatory componentupon which multiple signaling pathways converge. Mutation of the CD19 gene results inhypogammaglobulinemia, whereas CD19 overexpression causes B cell hyperactivity.Immunogen: Nalm 1 Human cell line
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Overview