Tetracycline ReadyMade™ Solution

64-75-5

C22H24N2O8 • HCl

480.9

Clear solution

Mechanism of Action: Tetracycline inhibits bacterial growth in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by disrupting codon-anticodon interactions at the ribosome, thus blocking protein synthesis. Specifically, Tetracycline binds to a single site on the 30S ribosomal subunit and inhibit protein synthesis by blocking the attachment of charged aminoacyl-tRNA to the A site on the ribosome. Thus, they prevent introduction of new amino acids to the nascent peptide chain.

-20°C; Protect from light

Spectrum:
Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, effective against both Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and mycoplasma. A few species of bacteria display intrinsic resistance to tetracycline, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Acquired resistance has proliferated in many pathogenic organisms and greatly eroded the versatility of Tetracycline derivatives. Resistance among Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and members of the Enterobacteriaceae is now quite common.
The spectrum of Tetracycline activity encompasses various protozoa such as P. falciparum, Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Leishmania major, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Toxoplasma gondii.

Microbiology Applications:
Tetracycline is routinely used as a selective agent to select for bacterial cells that have been transformed with a plasmid containing the Tetracycline resistance gene, tet. Tetracycline is typically used at 10 µg/mL.
Tetracycline has activity against the bacteria causing: Q fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, tick fevers, typhus fever, and Brill-Zinsser disease. It is also used to to treat upper respiratory infections and acne. It has been used in studies of multidrug resistance and potential side effects including acute pancreatitis.

Plant Biology Applications:
Tetracycline has been shown to suppress symptoms of aster yellows disease in China Aster and Chrysanthemum. Tetracyclines are sprayed onto fruit trees and other plants to treat infection by Erwinia amylovora, injected into palm trees to treat mycoplasma infections (lethal yellow), and used to control infection of seeds by Xanthomonas campestris (black rot). Multiple applications of Tetracycline resulted in symptomless axillary plant growth (Davis and Whitcomb, 1970).

Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications:
There are several popular systems including Tet-off, Tet-on and Tet autoregulatory systems which help to minimize leaky background in uninduced cells. When using the Tet system in mammalian cell culture, it is important to either use animal-free media or to test each batch of fetal bovine serum (FBS) to confirm that contaminating tetracyclines are absent or are too low to interfere with induction. Doxycycline (Dox) is a water-soluble tetracycline derivative that is preferred for almost all Tet-controlled gene expression systems.
Standard concentration in cell culture is 1 mg/L, but may vary according to your system. For additional information, please visit our cell-culture database.

Cancer Applications:
Tetracycline derivatives induce apoptosis in osteoclasts, Jurkat T lymphocyte cells and in cultured monocytes and macrophages.
Tetracycline and chemically modified tetracyclines, like Col-3, inhibit the activity of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that are important enzymes in tumor cell invasion and metastatic ability.