Name: p-Cresyl sulfate
Price: 528.00 USD

- Overview
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    Background
    
    The p-Cresol is a protein-bound uremic retention solute 1.
    Free p-Cresol was found to be a cardiovascular risk factor in non-diabetic hemodialysis patients. In patients with diabetes, the level of both free p-cresol and total p-cresol were markedly higher. In patients treated by hemodialysis, the levels of these two forms of p-cresol were also significantly higher than that of patients treated by hemodiafiltration. The univariate cox proportional hazard analysis showed that the concentration of free p-cresol was obviously associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Quite many patients with high free p-cresol concentrations had new fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular events. Besides that, p-cresol was also found to inhibit cell proliferation. It inhibited the proliferation of cultured endothelial cells by 26% without affecting cell viability. Moreover, p-cresol treatment reduced endothelial wound repair by 19%, 28% and 40% at concentrations of 10, 25 and 50 μg/ml, respectively 1,2.
    
    1. Meijers B K I, Bammens B, De Moor B, et al. Free p-cresol is associated with cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients. Kidney international, 2008, 73(10): 1174-1180.
    2. Dou L, Bertrand E, Cerini C, et al. The uremic solutes p-cresol and indoxyl sulfate inhibit endothelial proliferation and wound repair. Kidney international, 2004, 65(2): 442-451.
- Properties
  - Categories
    
    Protein-bound uremic retention solute
    
    Alternative Name
    
    p-tolyl hydrogen sulfate
    
    CAS Number
    
    3233-58-7
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C7H8O4S
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    188.20
    
    Appearance
    
    A solid
    
    Purity
    
    98.38%
    
    Solubility
    
    insoluble in EtOH; ≥30.1 mg/mL in DMSO; ≥50 mg/mL in H2O
    
    Storage
    
    Store at -20°C. The product is not stable in solution, please dissolve it immediately before use.
    
    SMILES
    
    CC1=CC=C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C=C1
    
    * For Research Use Only
- Reference
  - 1. Yuanyuan Shi, Huajun Tian, et al. "Improved Dialysis Removal of Protein-Bound Uraemic Toxins with a Combined Displacement and Adsorption Technique." Blood Purif. 2022;51(6):548-558. PMID:34515053
    2. Chih-Yu Yang, Ting-Wen Chen, et al. "Synbiotics Alleviate the Gut Indole Load and Dysbiosis in Chronic Kidney Disease." Cells. 2021 Jan 9;10(1):114. PMID:33435396
    3. Tien-Hung Huang, Hon-Kan Yip, et al. "P-cresyl sulfate causes mitochondrial hyperfusion in H9C2 cardiomyoblasts." J Cell Mol Med. 2020 Aug;24(15):8379-8390. PMID:32639656
    4. Van Buren J, Prasse C, et al. "Ring-Cleavage Products Produced during the Initial Phase of Oxidative Treatment of Alkyl-Substituted Aromatic Compounds." Environ Sci Technol. 2020;54(13):8352-8361. PMID:32519538
    5. Shi Y, Tian H, et al. "Removal of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins by Liposome-Supported Peritoneal Dialysis." Perit Dial Int. 2019 Nov-Dec;39(6):509-518. PMID:31690700
    6. Potts DM, Peterson DG. "Identification of small molecule flavor compounds that contribute to the somatosensory attributes of bovine milk products." Food Chem. 2019 Oct 1;294:27-34. PMID:31126463
    7. Shi Y, Zhang Y, et al. "Improved dialytic removal of protein-bound uremic toxins by intravenous lipid emulsion in chronic kidney disease rats." Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2019 May 9. pii: gfz079. PMID:31071223
    8. Shi Y, Tian H, et al. "Effect of Ionic Strength, pH and Chemical Displacers on the Percentage Protein Binding of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins." Blood Purif. 2018 Dec 18:1-10. PMID:30562731
    9. Shi Y, Wang Y, et al. "Increasing the removal of protein-bound uremic toxins by liposome-supported hemodialysis."Artif Organs. 2018 Oct 30. PMID:30375673