MQAE

- Overview
  - MQAE with bromide ion as a counteranion has fluorescence excitation at 355 nm and emission at 460 nm. The fluorescent intensity of MQAE decreases in proportion to the chloride increase in cells. Chloride ion concentrations less than 50 mM may be monitored without being affected by pH changes. MQAE has high water solubility and membrane permeability.
    
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- Properties
  - Categories
    
    Intracellular Fluorescent Probes
    
    CAS Number
    
    124505-60-8
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C14H16BrNO3
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    326.19
    
    Appearance
    
    Pale yellow powder
    
    Purity
    
    ≥95.0% (HPLC)
    
    Storage
    
    0-5°C
    
    Shipping
    
    ambient temperature
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    General Protocol*
    Reagents:
    ・5 mM MQAE/Krebs-HEPES buffer
    ・Krebs-HEPES buffer (20 mM HEPES, 128 mM NaCl, 2.5 mM KCl, 2.7 mM CaCl2, 1 mM MgCl2, 16 mM glucose, pH 7.4)
    Protocol:
    1. Wash the cells with Krebs-HEPES buffer 3 times.
    2. Add 5 mM Cl probe solution to the cells and incubate at 37°C for 1 hour.
    3. Wash the cells with Krebs-HEPES buffer 5 times.
    4. Determine the fluorescence intensity using a fluorescence microscope coupled with an image analyzer.
    * Cell staining conditions depend on cell type, so it is necessary to optimize the conditions for each experiment
- Reference
  - 1) A. S. Verkman, et al., Synthesis and Characterization of Improved Chloride-sensitive Fluorescent Indicators for Biological Applications. Anal Biochem. 1989;178:355-361.
    
    2) M. Inoue, et al., An ATP-driven Cl- Pump Regulates Cl- Concentrations in Rathippocampal Neurons. Neurosci Lett. 1991;134:75-78.
    
    3) T. Nakamura, et al., Direct Measurement of Chloride Concentration in Newt Olfactory Receptors with the Fluorescent Probe. Neurosci Lett. 1997;237:5-8.

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