Lipoamido-dPEG®₁₂-acid

Lipoamido-dPEG®12-acid, product number 10808, is a PEG-based crosslinking and surface modification reagent. The lipoamide moiety rapidly forms stable dative bonds with gold. Using a carbodiimide such as EDC and an acylating agent such N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), the propionic acid group will react with free amines to form amide bonds. The water-soluble, non-immunogenic dPEG® spacer adds hydrodynamic volume to conjugates made with this product. The increased hydrodynamic volume reduces the renal clearance of the conjugated molecules.

Lipoic Acid
Lipoic acid, also known as thioctic acid and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), is an organosulfur compound used by cells as an essential cofactor for several enzymes in aerobic respiration. The sulfur atoms at positions C6 and C8 form a disulfide bond in a five (5)-membered ring.

Like other thiol products, lipoic acid readily forms dative bonds with gold, silver, and other metals. Because two dative bonds form for each molecule of lipoic acid, the thiol-metal dative bond is more stable than dative bonds formed with compounds containing one free thiol atom.

Lipoic acid exists typically in an oxidized (closed ring) state. It is readily reduced to an open ring state using tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP). This reduced form is known as dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA). Quanta BioDesign makes and sells TCEP as product number 10014.

PEGylation with dPEG® Products
Oursingle molecular weight dPEG® products are different from traditional PEGylation reagents. Whereas conventional, disperse polymer PEGylation reagents contain a complex mixture of different chain lengths, and molecular weights of PEG, our products consist of a single, discrete length chain of PEG of uniform molecular weight. Our dPEG® products provide all of the benefits of traditional PEGylation reagents without the headaches that these disperse polymer PEGylation reagents cause.

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