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Overview
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Background
Hinokitiol, a natural bioactive compound of aromatic tropolone, is a potent apoptosis inducer and iron chelator. Hinokitiol reduces the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) which is an emerging regulator of antioxidant response, maintaining redox homeostasis in the cells. Interfering Nrf2 expression has been shown to disrupt the self-renewal of glioma stem cells and make tumors sensitive to chemoradiotherapy. In addition, hinokitiol may also induce DNA demethylation by reducing the mRNA and protein expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and ubiquitin-like plant homeodomain and RING finger domain 1 (UHRF1), to achieve its anti-tumor activities in cancers like colon cancer.
1. Ouyang WC, Liao YW, Chen PN, et al. Hinokitiol suppresses cancer stemness and oncogenicity in glioma stem cells by Nrf2 regulation. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 2017, 80(2): 411-419.
2. Seo JS, Choi YH, Moon JW, et al. Hinokitiol induces DNA demethylation via DNMT1 and UHRF1 inhibition in colon cancer cells. BMC Cell Biology, 2017, 18(1): 14.
3. Ido Y, Muto N, Inada A, et al. Induction of apoptosis by hinokitiol, a potent iron chelator, in teratocarcinoma F9 cells is mediated through the activation of caspase-3. Cell Proliferation, 1999, 32(1): 63-73.
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