H_ACE2 HEK-293T Cell Line

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 is a homolog of the carboxypeptidase ACE, which generates angiotensin II, the primary active peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). ACE2 serves as a powerful negative regulator of RAS, balancing the functions of ACE. By targeting angiotensin II, ACE2 shows protective effects in the cardiovascular system and many other organs. The spike (S) protein is a key protein that mediates the binding of the coronavirus to the host cell surface ACE2 receptor, thereby facilitating viral entry into the host cell.

The S protein is the most important surface membrane protein of the coronavirus, consisting of two subunits, S1 and S2. The S1 subunit contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell receptor. The S2 subunit contains the essential components required for membrane fusion. Research has shown that the S protein mediates receptor binding and membrane fusion, playing a crucial role in the virus's ability to infect host cells. Additionally, the S protein contains major antigens that stimulate neutralizing antibodies and important targets for cytotoxic lymphocytes, making it a critical target for vaccine design, therapeutic antibodies, and diagnostic methods.

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