Dextran sulfate sodium salt

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Background

The dextran sulfate sodium salt form makes it soluble and stable in water. Dextran sulfate contains approximately 17% sulfur, which corresponds to approximately 2.3 sulfate groups per glucose residue. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) is a polyanionic derivative of dextran formed by esterification of dextran and chlorosulfonic acid.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing gastrointestinal infection that increases the risk of intestinal tumors. In 1985, it first reported that dextran sodium salt (DSS) could be used to model hamster ulcerative colitis. A large number of studies have shown that the DSS colitis model is similar to human ulcerative colitis. Acute, chronic, and relapsing models of IBD can be induced by altering the concentration of DDS and the frequency of dosing.
Dextran sulfate sodium salt is also used in molecular biology applications, including lipoprotein precipitation, acceleration of DNA probe hybridization with nucleic acids, and ribosome separation.

Reference:
1. Burstein, M., Scholnick, H.R., and Morfin, R. Rapid method for the isolation of lipoproteins from human serum by precipitation with polyanions. J. Lipid Res. 11(6), 583-595 (1970).
2. Wahl, G.M., Stern, M., and Stark, G.R. Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 76(8), 3683-3687 (1979).
3. Ascione, R., and Arlinghaus, R.B. Characterization and cell-free activity of polyribosomes isolated from baby hamster kidney cells Biochim Biophys. Acta. 204(2), 478-488 (1970).