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Overview
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Cephalonium is a broad-spectrum, semi-synthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic belonging to the β-lactam class. It is used against Gram-positive bacteria causing bovine mastitis.
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Background
Cephalosporins interfere with penicillin binding protein (PBP) activity involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues providing additional strength to the cell wall. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised and ultimately leads to cell lysis and death. Resistance to cephalosporins is commonly due to cells containing plasmid-encoded β-lactamases.
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Overview