Carboplatin

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Background

Carboplatin is a DNA synthesis inhibitor. DNA synthesis is the natural or artificial creation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules. Carboplatin inhibits DNA synthesis by binding to DNA and interfering with repair mechanism. In MTT assays with A2780, SKOV-3, IGROV-1 and HX62 human ovarian cancer cells, Carboplatin inhibited cell proliferation with IC50 of 6.2 μM, 12.4 μM, 2.2 μM and 116 μM for A2780, SKOV-3, IGROV-1 and HX62, respectively [1]. In UMC-11, H727 and H835 lung carcinoid cell line, Carboplatin also shows the anti-proliferative activities [2]. In xenograft-bearing mice, Carboplatin (60 mg/kg) had a modest antitumor effect and the relative tumor volumes on day 6 were 8.4 relative to the control of 11.9 [1]. Treatment of 56 small cell lung carcinoma patients with Carboplatin (300-400 mg/m2), 23 patients achieved a response including 5 complete remissions. 18 of 30 previously untreated patients achieved a response. Carboplatin was well tolerated and there was no nephrotoxicity [3].

[1]. Banerji U, Sain N, Sharp SY, et al. An in vitro and in vivo study of the combination of the heat shock protein inhibitor 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin and carboplatin in human ovarian cancer models. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 2008, 62(5): 769-778.
[2]. Fiebiger W, Olszewski U, Ulsperger E, et al. In vitro cytotoxicity of novel platinum-based drugs and dichloroacetate against lung carcinoid cell lines. Clin Transl Oncol, 2011, 13(1): 43-49.
[3]. Smith IE, Evans BD. Carboplatin (JM8) as a single agent and in combination in the treatment of small cell lung cancer. Cancer Treat Rev, 1985, 12 Suppl A: 73-75.