Biotin-dPEG®₁₁-NH₂

Biotin-dPEG®11-NH2 (Biotin-dPEG®11-amine), product number 10196, is one of several biotinylation products offered by Quanta BioDesign, Ltd. that react with carbonyls and carboxylic acids. The product reacts with activated esters (N-hydroxysuccinimide, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl) of carboxylic acids. Also, Biotin-dPEG®11-NH2 couples directly to a carboxylic acid using 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) chemistry. Furthermore, the product can react with carbonyl groups (aldehydes or ketones) to form a Schiff base. The Schiff base can be reduced to a secondary amine using sodium cyanoborohydride if additional conjugate stability is necessary.

Biotinylation
Biotinylation is the process of covalently attaching biotin to a molecule such as a peptide, protein, or nucleic acid, or a surface such as glass or gold. Numerous applications exist for biotinylated molecules, including ELISA, Western blots, clinical assays, and supramolecular construction.

Amphiphilic biotin-dPEG®11-NH2 dissolves equally well in both aqueous buffer and organic solvent. It is not necessary to dissolve this product in an organic solvent before using it in aqueous reaction media. Furthermore, biotinylation of biomacromolecules with PN10196 will not cause aggregation and precipitation. Eliminating aggregation should consequently improve the signal-to-noise ratio of applications developed with this product. Reaction with a carboxylic acid or active ester of a carboxylic acid will yield a stable amide bond. Aldehydes are uncommon in biomacromolecules. However, oxidation of reducing sugars in glycosylated proteins forms aldehydes in glycosylated proteins. Reactions with aldehydes will produce imines that can be reduced under mild conditions to secondary amines with sodium cyanoborohydride.

Any application that can take advantage of the strong biotin-avidin/ streptavidin affinity can use Biotin-dPEG®11-NH2. The terminal amine of PN10196 offers the opportunity to biotinylate the carbohydrate coat of glycoproteins, and surfaces consisting of carboxylic acids or their active esters. Thus, Biotin-dPEG®11-NH2 expands the range of molecules and nanoparticles for which dPEG®-biotin is useful.

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