Aztreonam

- Overview
  - Aztreonam is a synthetic β-lactam antibiotic originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It is categorized as a monobactam as it contains a single β-lactam ring instead of the fused β-lactam and thiazolidine rings found in generic β-lactams. Due to its unique structure, Aztreonam is not typically inactivated by β-lactamases. Aztreonam is used in microbiology, cancer therapy, and plant tissue culture applications. It is soluble in ethanol, DMSO and DMF but practically insoluble in water.
    
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    Background
    
    β-lactams interfere with PBP (penicillin binding protein) activity involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues providing additional strength to the cell wall. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised and ultimately leads to cell lysis and death. Resistance to β-lactams is commonly due to cells containing plasmid encoded β-lactamases.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    78110-38-0
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C13H17N5O8S2
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    435.43
    
    Appearance
    
    White crystalline powder
    
    Solubility
    
    Soluble in ethanol (20 mg/ml), DMSO (20 mg/ml) and DMF (30 mg/ml). Practially insoluble in water.
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Synthetic
    Water Content (Karl Fischer): ≤ 2.0%
    Assay: (On Dried Basis): 94.0-103.0%
    Residue On Ignition: ≤ 0.1%
    Heavy Metals: ≤ 0.001%
    Optical Rotation: -26° to -32°
    Identification: IR - Passes test
    
    Storage
    
    2-8 °C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Aztreonam is effective against Gram-negative bacteria.
    
    Microbiology Applications: Aztreonam is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against negative microbial isolates. Aztreonam has also shown high potency against high-resistant superbug strains. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options. Representative MIC values include: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ≤0.12 µg/mL － >16 µg/mL Proteus mirabilis ≤0.12 µg/mL － >16 µg/mL Plant Biology Applications: Aztreonam is a broad-spectrum antibiotic commonly used in plant tissue culture to control bacterial contamination from Gram-negative species.
    
    Cancer Applications: Aztreonam is effective against infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria but must be used in combination to provide Gram-positive coverage.

Datasheet

MSDS

Documents

MSDS-EU

Susceptibility and Resistance Data

Superbug Research Summary

Aztreonam

Background

Documents

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