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Overview
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CD14 is a 55 kDa GPI-anchored glycoprotein that is constitutively expressed on the surface of maturemonocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. CD14 also serves as a multifunctional lipopolysaccharidereceptor, and is released to the serum both as a secreted and enzymatically cleaved GPI-anchoredform. CD14 binds lipopolysaccharide molecule in a reaction catalyzed by lipopolysaccharide-bindingprotein (LBP), an acute phase serum protein. The soluble sCD14 can discriminate slight structuraldifferences between lipopolysaccharides and is important for neutralization of serum allochthonouslipopolysaccharides by reconstituted lipoprotein particles. Further, CD14 has been shown to bindapoptotic cells, and can affect allergic, inflammatory and infectious processes. Alternative splicingresults in multiple transcript variants encoding the same CD14 isoform. Diseases associated with CD14dysfunction include mycobacterium chelonae infection and Croup.
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Overview