Amikacin

37517-28-5

C22H43N5O13

585.60 (anhydrous basis)

White or almost white powder

Freely soluble in water (50 mg/ml)

Source: Semi-synthetic
Water Content (Karl Fischer): ≤8.5%
PH: 9.5 - 11.5
Assay: (On Dried Basis): ≥900µg/mg
Residue On Ignition: ≤1.0%
Optical Rotation: +97° to +105°
Identification: Passes test

2-8°C

Spectrum: Active against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is also susceptible to Amikacin.

Microbiology Applications: Amikacin is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) and rapid antimicrobial testing platforms like the Vitek 2 from Biomerieux against Gram-negative microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use this information to recommend antibiotic treatment options. Samples of microbes grown in presence of a 30 µg Amikacin discs with a zone of inhibition of <14 mm in diameter are considered resistant. Intermediate resistance zones of inhibition are typically 15 mm-16 mm in diameter. Representative MIC values include:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0.25 µg/mL -512 µg/mL
Serratia marcescens ≤0.25 µg/mL － >32 µg/mL

Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications: Amikacin demonstrates lysosomal phospholipidosis in vitro, with the compound binding to the phospholipid bilayer.
An LC–MS/MS assay was developed to quantify Amikacin in different biological matrices. This technology can facilitate future studies on improving Amikacin-associated nephrotoxicity. It would be useful for in vitro studies characterizing Amikacin uptake kinetics in renal cells, and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies (Chan et al, 2020).
Contamination of cell cultures for virus isolation is problematic. Amikacin (and vancomycin) were chosen to replace the penicillin and gentamicin used conventionally. This combination was not toxic to cell cultures remained stable in media for over six months. Virus isolation rate was maintained and contamination was reduced from 10% to 1.5%. This combination can be used for maintenance and transport media to control the emerging problem of viral culture contamination (Lo et el, 1996).