Total Proinsulin ELISA

Proinsulin is a precursor molecule for insulin and is synthesised by the pancreatic β-cells. Under normal circumstances, virtually all proinsulin is cleaved at residues 32-33 and 65-66 to produce insulin during the formation of secretory granules. Some proinsulin is released into the circulation, mainly as des 31-32 split proinsulin together with lesser amounts of 32-33 split proinsulin and intact proinsulin. It is generally believed that 65-66 split proinsulin and des 64-65 split proinsulin do not appear in detectable amounts in the circulation. Increased concentrations of circulating proinsulin may occur in non-insulin dependent (type II) diabetes and in patients with insulinoma. When used in conjunction with a specific intact proinsulin assay, measurements of total proinsulin can provide useful information on changes in the processing of insulin in such situations.

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