Toltrazuril

- Overview
  - Toltrazuril is an antiprotozoal agent that acts upon Coccidia parasites in animals, fish, and man. Its primary metabolites include toltrazuril sulfoxide and toltrazuril sulfone. Toltrazuril can also be used as an analytical standard in food and environmental testing. The compound is soluble in DMSO.
    
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    Background
    
    Toltrazuril induces changes in the coccidia such that the intracellular stages (schizonts, gamonts) were destroyed. Anatomical changes include swelling of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, and abnormalities in nuclear division leading to a reduction in respiratory enzymes.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    69004-03-1
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C18H14F3N3O4S
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    425.38
    
    Solubility
    
    DMSO (85 mg/ml). Insoluble in water and ethanol.
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Synthetic
    
    Storage
    
    2-8°C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Antiprotozoal agent
    
    Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications: Toltrazuril was investigated in Neospora caninum using a molecular assay to distinguish between live and dead parasites. Infected cells were treated with 30 ug/ml toltrazuril for 2-20 days. NcGRA2-RT-real time PCR showed that a 10-day treatment was sufficient. This assay could be widely used to study the affect of novel compounds in the bovine host (Strohbusch et al, 2008). Cryptosporidium parvum is a protozoan parasite that is highly infectious in humans and animals, infecting the epithelial cells of the small intestine. Toltrazuril was used in vitro against oocysts to test for anticryptosporidial activity, and effectiveness was dose-dependent, with optimal being 100 ug/ml. A synergistic mixture of Toltrazuril with Monensin had the greatest efficacy (Fathi et al, 2011).

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Toltrazuril

Background

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