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Overview
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Beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) is a component of MHC class I molecules that is a member of the beta-2-microglobulin family. B2M is present on all nucleated cells except for red blood cells. B2M can interact with HFE protein, together regulating the expression of hepcidin in the liver which targets the iron transporter ferroportin on the cytoplasmic membrane of enterocytes and macrophages for degradation, resulting in decreased iron uptake from food and iron release from recycled red blood cells respectively. Additionally, low levels of B2M can be the indicator for non-progression of HIV.
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Overview