Myriocin

- Overview
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    Background
    
    Myriocin is a potent immunosuppressant and also a specific serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor with Ki value of 0.28 nM [1][2]. Serine palmitoyltransferase catalyzes the first step in de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis. Sphingolipids are involved in the regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell migration, senescence and inflammation [2].Myriocin is a specific serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor. In lung cancer A549 and NCI-H460 cells, myriocin (10, 20, and 50 ?M) inhibited cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Myriocin inhibited A549 and NCI-H460 cell growth with IC50 values of 30 ?M and 26 ?M, respectively [4]. In melanoma mice, myriocin (1 mg/kg, every other day for 3 weeks) administered intradermally or intraperitoneally significantly inhibited tumor formation. Myriocin also reduced the expression of Cdc25C, Cdc2 and cyclin B1 in tumor tissues, and increased the expression of p53 and p21waf1/cip1. Myriocin also decreased the levels of sphingolipids in serum, liver and tumor tissue [3]. In BALB/c mice, myriocin increased dopamine (DA) in striatum and hippocampus and reduced it in cortex [2].
    
    Miyake Y, Kozutsumi Y, Nakamura S, et al. Serine palmitoyltransferase is the primary target of a sphingosine-like immunosuppressant, ISP-1/myriocin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Jun 15;211(2):396-403.
    Osuchowski MF, Johnson VJ, He Q, et al. Myriocin, a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor, alters regional brain neurotransmitter levels without concurrent inhibition of the brain sphingolipid biosynthesis in mice. Toxicol Lett. 2004 Feb 28;147(1):87-94.
    Lee YS, Choi KM, Lee S, et al. Myriocin, a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor, suppresses tumor growth in a murine melanoma model by inhibiting de novo sphingolipid synthesis. Cancer Biol Ther. 2012 Jan 15;13(2):92-100.
    Choi KE, Jung YS, Kim DH, et al. Myriocin induces apoptotic lung cancer cell death via activation of DR4 pathway. Arch Pharm Res. 2014 Apr;37(4):501-11.
- Properties
  - Alternative Name
    
    (2S,3R,4R,E)-2-amino-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-14-oxoicos-6-enoic acid
    
    CAS Number
    
    35891-70-4
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C21H39NO6
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    401.54
    
    Appearance
    
    A crystalline solid
    
    Purity
    
    98.00%
    
    Solubility
    
    2mg/mL in methanol
    
    Storage
    
    Store at -20°C
    
    * For Research Use Only
- Reference
  - 1. Ting Wang, Jingmin Zhang, et al. "Lipidomics Analysis Reveals Protective Effect of Myriocin on Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Model Rats." Research Square. rs-1324750/v1.
    2. Xue-Ming Zhu, Lin Li, et al. "A VASt-domain protein regulates autophagy, membrane tension, and sterol homeostasis in rice blast fungus." Autophagy. 2020 Nov 11. PMID:33176558

Myriocin

Background

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