INO-1001

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Background

INO-1001 is a potent and selective inhibitor of PARP [1].
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is an enzyme involved in DNA repair and as a mediator of energy failure-induced cell death and NAD+ depletion [1].
In rodent and human fibroblast cell lines, INO-1001 significantly inhibited PARP activity. Treatment of 10 μM INO-1001 and a single dose of radiation caused significant radiosensitization of the three cells lines. While apoptosis was not increased, suggesting that INO-1001 increased radiation-induced cell killing through interfering with DNA repair mechanisms, increasing necrotic cell death [2].
In adult male mice subjected to moderate controlled cortical impact (CCI), injection intracerebral with INO-1001 (1.6 mg/kg) preserved brain NAD+ levels. In the Morris water maze, INO-1001 reduced the latency time to find the hidden platform and increased the time in the target quadrant [1]. In dogs underwent hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, reperfusion for 60 min after treatment with INO-1001 (1 mg/kg), INO-1001 significantly recovered left and right ventricular systolic function, increased coronary blood flow [3].

[1]. Clark RS, Vagni VA, Nathaniel PD, et al. Local administration of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor INO-1001 prevents NAD+ depletion and improves water maze performance after traumatic brain injury in mice. J Neurotrauma, 2007, 24(8): 1399-1405.
[2]. Szabó G, Soós P, Mandera S, et al. INO-1001 a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor improves cardiac and pulmonary function after crystalloid cardioplegia and extracorporal circulation. Shock, 2004, 21(5): 426-432.
[3]. Brock WA, Milas L, Bergh S, et al. Radiosensitization of human and rodent cell lines by INO-1001, a novel inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Cancer Lett, 2004, 205(2): 155-160.