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Overview
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Predicted MW: Monomer, 17.5 kDa (158 aa). Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is an inflammatory cytokine secreted by macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, T cells, and NK-cells following stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). TNF-alpha signal activation occurs through two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. TNFR1 is expressed on most cell types, unlike TNFR2, which is expressed mainly on immune cells. TNF-alpha functions to stimulate phagocytosis in macrophages, chemoattract neutrophils, increase insulin resistance, and induce fever.
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Overview