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Overview
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Background
Erastin is a cell-permeable ferroptosis activatior and an antitumor agent that is selective for cell expressing oncogene RAS.
Ferroptosis is a unique iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death. It is triggered by oncogenic RAS-selective lethal small molecule erastin. Acitvation of ferroptosis lead to nonapoptotic destruction of cancer cells.
In BJ-TERT/LT/ST/RASV12 cells, Erastin activated a rapid, oxidative and non-apoptotic cell death process. It exerted lethality in human cancer cells with HRAS, KRAs or BRAF oncogenic mutation involving the RAS-RAF-MEF pathway and acted via modulating VDAC (volatage-dependent anion channels). [1] In HT 1080 cells, Erastin-induced death triggered the cytosolic ROS accumulation and the induced oxidative death was iron dependent. Erastin also inhibited the activity of independent cystine/glutamate antiporter, system xc−. [2][1] Yagoda N, von Rechenberg M, Zaganjor E, Bauer AJ, Yang WS, Fridman DJ, Wolpaw AJ, Smukste I, Peltier JM, Boniface JJ, Smith R, Lessnick SL, Sahasrabudhe S, Stockwell BR. RAS-RAF-MEK-dependent oxidative cell death involving voltage-dependent anion channels. Nature. 2007 Jun 14;447(7146):864-8.
[2] Dixon SJ, Lemberg KM, Lamprecht MR, Skouta R, Zaitsev EM, Gleason CE, Patel DN, Bauer AJ, Cantley AM, Yang WS, Morrison B 3rd, Stockwell BR. Ferroptosis: an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death. Cell. 2012 May 25;149(5):1060-72.
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