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Overview
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Endogenous CXCR4 antagonist.
EPI-X4 (endogenous peptide inhibitor of CXCR4) is a fragment identified from a blood-derived peptide library, corresponding to residues 408 423 of human serum albumin (hSA). EPI-X4 is a highly specific endogenous CXCR4 antagonist which is evolutionarily conserved and generated from the albumin precursor by pH-regulated proteases under acidic conditions that are a hallmark of inflammation. EPI-X4 suppresses CXCR4 signalling and inhibits infection by CXCR4 tropic HIV-1 strains. EPI-X4 can also antagonize CXCL12-induced tumour cell migration, mobilise stem cells and suppress inflammatory responses in mice. EPI-X4 ?is abundant in the urine of patients with inflammatory kidney diseases and may serve as a biomarker.
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Overview