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Overview
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Lactose is the principal sugar in human and most other mammalian milks, ( 4-O-(β-d-galactopyranosyl)-d-glucopyranose) (Collins, 2006). Lactose undergoes mutarotation; it is a reducing sugar and is significantly less soluble in water than sucrose. Lactose is much less sweet than sucrose (at ~1% about 0.15 (sucrose=1). The enzyme lactase (β-galactosidase), which is present in the small intestine, catalyzes hydrolysis of lactose to form glucose and galactose. Anhydrous lactose is an excipient, filler, diluent, and bulking agent in a wide variety of pharmaceutical tablets, capsules, powders and other preparations. Lactose also has applications as a nutrient and multi-functional ingredient in infant formulae, geriatric, dietetic and health foods (Linko, 1982).
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Overview