Curcumin

- Overview
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    Background
    
    Curcumin is an inhibitor of tyrosinase with IC50 value of 47uM [1]. Curcumin is a natural compound with potency of anticancer. It is currently under clinical investigation for cancer chemoprevention. There is a variety of biochemical mechanisms of this anticancer function. The targets of Curcumin are involved in signaling pathways include transcription factors, growth factors,inflammatory cytokines, receptors, and enzymes. Phase I trials have tested the toxicity and tolerability of Curcumin and found that Curcumin has no toxicities at doses up to 12 g/day. However, the bioavailability of Curcumin is quite poor. It is about ~1% after oral administration in phase I/II clinical trials and this hinders Curcumin‘s use in the clinic [2].It is also reported that Curcumin reduces the generation of amloid beta (Aβ 40 and Aβ42) in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. It also down-regulates the expression of PS1 and GSK-3β in cells. All these cause the inhibition of Aβ formation and make Curcumin to be a potent therapeutic agent in AD [3].
    
    [1] Sachiko Shirota, Kouji Miyazaki, Ritsuo Aiyama, Minoru Ichioka and Teruo Yokokura. Tyrosinase inhibitors from crude drugs. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 1994, 17 (2): 266-269.
    [2] Wungki Park, A.R.M Ruhul Amin, Zhuo Georgia Chen, and Dong M. Shin. New perspectives of curcumin in cancer prevention. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2013, 6(5): 387–400.
    [3] Zhang Xiong, Zhang Hongmei, SiLu, LiYu. Curcumin mediates presenilin-1 activity to reduce β-amyloid production in a model of Alzheimer’s disease. Pharmacological Reports. 2013, 63: 1101-1108.
- Properties
  - Alternative Name
    
    Indian Saffron;Turmeric yellow;Natural Yellow 3;Diferuloylmethane; (1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione
    
    CAS Number
    
    458-37-7
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C21H20O6
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    368.39
    
    Appearance
    
    A solid
    
    Purity
    
    96.16%
    
    Solubility
    
    ≥36.8 mg/mL in DMSO; insoluble in H2O; ≥3.5 mg/mL in EtOH with gentle warming and ultrasonic
    
    Storage
    
    Store at -20°C
    
    * For Research Use Only
- Reference
  - 1. Maryam Khosravi. "Forward and Reverse Genetic Approaches to Studying Ciliopathy in Zebrafish." University College London.2019.
    2. Byrd SK. "Apoptosis as the focus of an authentic research experience in a cell physiology laboratory. Adv Physiol Educ." 2016 Jun;40(2):257-64. PMID:27231261

Curcumin

Background

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